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Synthesis and cytotoxic activity of azanaphoquinone annelated pyrrole derivatives |
Synthesis and Cytotoxic Activity of Azanaphthoquinone Annelated Pyrrole Derivatives |
Azanaphthoquinone annelated pyrroles have been developed from the natural anticancer drug, mitoxantrone to reduce cardiotoxic side-effects. This paper reports the synthesis of azanaphthoquinone annelated pyrrole derivatives as cytostatic compounds. The synthetic pathway was started from the commercially-available 5-hydroxyisoquinoline via a three step reaction to obtain 1H-pyrrolo[3,2-g]isoquinoline-4,9-dione. N-Alkylation of nitrogen atom in pyrrole ring was carried out under basic conditions with different side chains to obtain mono-substituted azanaphthoquinone annelated pyrroles (2a-e) with 2 to 3-carbon side chains in moderate to good yields. The hydrazone and thiosemicarbazone derivatives were synthesized by a condensation reaction of mono-substituted products 2 with hydrazine and thiosemicarbazide respectively. The reactions occurred regio-selectively at C-4 to give hydrazones (3a-e) and thiosemicarbazones (4a-e) respectively. The synthesized compounds were purified by column chromatography and characterized by spectroscopic techniques, including 1H NMR, 13C NMR, IR, UV and LC-MS. The antiproliferative activity of the synthesized compounds was evaluated on cervical carcinoma: KB/HeLa by using xCELLigence from Roche. The results showed that the mono-substituted products with 2-carbon side chain (2b) exhibited the highest activity with IC50 value of 0.008 M. The mono-substituted product 2 showed higher inhibition in comparison to hydrazone and thiosemicarbazone derivatives. These results lead to the optimization of the target molecules in further works. |
นิภาวรรณ พองพรหม |
TCI กลุ่ม 2 |
ชาติ |
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2 |
ชุดการทดลองเคมีแบบย่อส่วนต้นทุนต่ำเพื่อสนับสนุนความเข้าใจมโนมติ เรื่อง สมดุลเคมี สำหรับนักเรียนระดับมัธยมศึกษาปีที่ 5 |
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The main purpose of this research was to develop low-cost small-scale chemistry experimental kit on chemical equilibrium, and then investigate students’ conceptual understanding from learning with the developed kit. The samples were 37 of 11-grade students studying in a large-size high school in Ubon Ratchathani. The data collecting tools included a two-tier diagnostic test and a survey of students’ attitudes and experiences towards chemistry subject. The implementation of the small-scale experimental kit through 5E-inquiry cycle resulted that students’ averaged percentages for each of the pretest, posttest and retentiontest were 20.48,60.64and59.60, respectively, in which the normalized gain was in the medium level. The dependent samples t-test analysis indicated that their posttest scores were statistically higher than those of pretest scores, but not statistically different from the retention-test scores at the 95% significance level. After the intervention, the total percentage of students in the partial and sound conceptual understanding (PU+SU) categories was increased by 51.48, while the total percentage of students in the mis- and no-conceptual understanding (MU+NU) decreased by51.89. In addition, theirpost-attitudes and experiences towards chemistry subject were statistically higher than those before learning using the kit. This verified that the intervention of low-cost small-scale chemistry experimental kit was the effective tool for promoting students to change to the more correct conceptual understanding and to the more positive attitudes and experiences towards chemistry. |
ศักดิ์ศรี สุภาษร |
TCI กลุ่ม 1 |
ชาติ |
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3 |
การสร้างเซลล์กัลวานิกอย่างง่ายที่ทําจากเส้นด้ายเพื่อศึกษาไฟฟ้าเคมี |
Fabricationof Simple Galvanic Cells Using Cotton Thread to Investigate Electrochemistry |
The main purpose of this research article was to fabricate simple galvanic cellsusing cotton thread. This device contains various metal strips (Cu, Ag, Zn, Pb, Sn, Fe, Al and Mg), metal solutions, and potassium nitrate solution serving as electrodes, metal ions, and electrolyte, respectively. In this article, cotton thread is not only used to be a support for reactions between each half-cell, but also a salt bridge for electrolyte. The results showed that the observed cell potentials, Ecell (Obsd) were slightly different from the theoretical cell potentials, Ecell (Theor), calculated from the Nernst equation. This device also can be used to investigate the effect of concentrations on the electromotive force (emf). This device can be applied as a teaching tool of electrochemistry for students at the secondary school level because of an easy way to fabricate galvanic cells. |
เสนอ ชัยรัมย์ |
TCI กลุ่ม 1 |
ชาติ |
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4 |
การใช้กระติกน้ำสุญญากาศเป็นแคลอริมิเตอร์อย่างง่าย เพื่อหามวลโมเลกุลของสารประกอบจากสมบัติคอลลิเกตีฟ |
Using vacuum flask as a simple calorimeter for determination of molecular weight of compounds from colligative properties |
This research aimed to develop an experimental demonstration in the laboratory to determine the molecular weight of compound from freezing point depression by using a vacuum flask as a simple calorimeter. Colligative properties depend on the number, not the identity of molecule be measuring. All the substances used in this study were environmental-friendly: water was used as a solvent, while allsolutes were rock salt, monosodium glutamate and sugar. In experiment, the solvent or solution was placed in a vial with a thermometer, put into a vacuum flask containing sprinkle rock salt on the ice, and then record the decreasing temperature every minute. The relationship between the temperature and time was plotted to determine the freezing point of the solvent (Tf ) or solution (Tf ). Furthermore, this approach was applied to determine the molecular weight of compound in red or yellow food color. The calculated molecular weight of all solutes was closed to the actual value. The percentage error of rock salt, monosodium glutamate, sugar, red food colour and yellow food colour was 0.53%, 1.12%, 1.86%, 0.31%, and 0.11% respectively. This experimental demonstration ought to be interesting to science teachers for the instruction of colligative properties at all levels in laboratory. |
เสนอ ชัยรัมย์ |
TCI กลุ่ม 2 |
ชาติ |
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5 |
Development of corn waste for reuse as a catalyst |
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สายสมร ลำลอง |